This is the first country programme evaluation that the Independent Office of Evaluation has undertaken for Mozambique. The overriding strategic objective has been to raise the incomes of agricultural smallholders and artisanal fishermen, by increasing their marketable surpluses and improving the marketing of high-value produce The selected objectives are seen as highly relevant to Mozambique. However, the focus on geographical areas characterized by particular development challenges has made it difficult to achieve high levels of effectiveness and efficiency. Nevertheless, moderately satisfactory performance has been achieved in terms of promoting artisanal fisheries, agricultural marketing, and social and economic infrastructure, and, while the support for financial services has encountered challenges, there have been a number of success stories at the national level.