This country programme evaluation is the second one carried out in Bolivia by the Independent Office of Evaluation of IFAD. It covers the partnership between IFAD and the Government from 2005 to 2012. Overall, the results of the IFAD-Government partnership were positive.

The main achievements include the adoption by families of soil and water conservation techniques, improved crop and livestock farming practices, and the development of new production activities. The participatory and open competition approach - with direct cash transfers managed by the communities - clearly led to enhanced human capital. The programme impact was however less than expected because most supported businesses are not sustainable; the introduction of environmental management practices did not reverse the desertification process; and the planned private market for technical assistance did not materialize.

Main programme limitations were weak relations with the territories where it was implemented and with public programmes; inability to define the target population and overreliance on short-term technical assistance.